Mythology Gods
Greek & Roman names and their roles

Aphrodite

Venus

Goddess of beauty and sexual desire
(Roman mythology: Goddess of gardens and fields)

Apollo

Apollo

God of prophecy, medicine, and archery
(late Greek/Roman mythology: God of the sun)

Ares

Mars

God of War

Artemis

Diana

Goddess of the hunt
(late Greek/Roman mythology: Goddess of moon)

Asclepius

Aesculapius

God of medicine

Athena

Minerva

Goddess of arts and crafts, and war; Helper of heroes
(late Greek/Roman mythology: Goddess of wisdom)

Cronus

Saturn

God of the sky; Ruler of the Titans
(Roman mythology: God of agriculture)

Demeter

Ceres

Goddess of grain

Eros

Cupid

God of love

Gaea

Terra

Mother Earth

Hephaestus

Vulcan

God of fire; Blacksmith of the gods

Hera

Juno

Goddess of marriage and childbirth; Protector of married women; Queen of the gods

Hermes

Mercury

Messenger of the gods; Protector of travelers, thieves, and merchants

Hestia

Vesta

Guardian of the home

Hypnos

Somnus

God of sleep

Hades

Pluto

God of the underworld; Lord of the dead

Poseidon

Neptune

God of the sea and earthquakes

Rhea

Ops

Wife of Cronus/Saturn; Mother Goddess

Uranus

Uranus

God of the sky; Father of the Titans

Zeus

Jupiter

Ruler of the god

As the Roman Empire expanded, it assimilated elements of the cultures it conquered. In religion this process has been called interpretatio Romana, or the Roman understanding. As Roman and Greek culture mixed after the Romans conquered ancient Greece in the 3rd century BC, ancient Roman gods and goddesses became associated with those of the Greek civilization. This table lists some of the main gods and goddesses and the roles they played in both Greek and Roman mythology.